Doping is crucial because it can address limitations such as low activity or poor stability in base catalysts. For instance, doping [metal oxides] with appropriate [transition metals] can improve their catalytic performance in various reactions like CO oxidation and the [Water-Gas Shift Reaction]. By tuning the electronic properties, dopants can also influence the [adsorption] and desorption of reactants and products, thereby enhancing the overall catalytic efficiency.