Several factors can lead to deviations in catalytic performance:
Temperature: Catalytic reactions are highly sensitive to temperature. Small deviations can significantly alter reaction rates and selectivity. Pressure: Changes in pressure can affect the adsorption of reactants on the catalyst surface, leading to deviations. Impurities: The presence of impurities in reactants or the catalyst can poison the catalyst, reducing its effectiveness. Catalyst Deactivation: Over time, catalysts can lose their activity due to sintering, coking, or leaching. Mass Transfer Limitations: Inadequate mixing or diffusion limitations can result in non-uniform reactant distribution, causing deviations.
