Several techniques are employed to synthesize catalysts, each with its own advantages and limitations:
1. Precipitation: This involves mixing a solution containing the catalyst precursor with a precipitating agent to form a solid catalyst. 2. Sol-Gel Method: This technique involves the transition of a system from a liquid "sol" into a solid "gel" phase. It's particularly useful for creating high-purity and homogeneous catalysts. 3. Impregnation: This method involves soaking a support material in a solution containing the catalyst precursor, followed by drying and calcination. 4. Hydrothermal Synthesis: This method involves crystallizing substances from high-temperature aqueous solutions at high vapor pressures.
