SMS has been applied in various areas of catalysis research. For example, it has been used to study enzyme catalysis, providing insights into the conformational changes and intermediate states that occur during the catalytic cycle. SMS has also been used to investigate nanocatalysts, revealing how individual nanoparticles contribute to catalytic activity and how their performance can be optimized. Furthermore, SMS has been employed to study photocatalysis, helping to understand the mechanisms of light-induced catalytic processes.