- Inorganic Salts: These can originate from the raw materials or the environment and include chlorides, sulfates, and phosphates.
- Organic Compounds: Impurities such as residual solvents, by-products from previous reactions, or degradation products can interfere with the catalytic process.
- Particulates: Dust, metal particles, or other solid contaminants can physically block or alter the catalyst surface.
- Water: Even trace amounts of water can affect certain reactions, especially those sensitive to moisture like Grignard reactions.
