What Role Do In-Situ Characterization Techniques Play?
In-situ characterization techniques are essential for monitoring catalyst deactivation in real-time. Methods such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) allow for the observation of structural changes, particle growth, and the formation of deposits. This real-time data is invaluable for validating predictive models and refining deactivation mechanisms.
