How Does E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Function in Catalysis?
E3 ubiquitin ligases mediate the transfer of ubiquitin from an E2 enzyme to the target substrate. They provide the specificity in the ubiquitination pathway by recognizing and binding to both the E2 enzyme and the substrate protein, facilitating the formation of an isopeptide bond between the ubiquitin and the lysine residue of the substrate. This catalytic action is critical for ensuring the precise regulation of protein turnover and function within the cell.
