Type r catalysis is extensively used in the pharmaceutical industry, where precision and specificity are paramount. The ability of the catalyst to directly interact with reactants allows for high selectivity and efficiency in drug synthesis. Type s catalysis finds significant application in the petrochemical industry and in environmental catalysis, such as in catalytic converters for automobile exhaust systems. The robustness and versatility of heterogeneous catalysts in Type s processes make them suitable for large-scale industrial applications.