Microwave irradiation can enhance catalysis through several mechanisms:
1. Thermal Effects: Rapid and uniform heating leads to higher temperatures that can increase reaction rates. 2. Non-Thermal Effects: Microwaves may interact directly with the reactants, intermediates, or catalysts, potentially altering reaction pathways and improving efficiency. 3. Selective Heating: Microwaves can selectively heat catalysts or reactants, leading to localized high temperatures that can drive reactions more effectively.
