The most commonly used catalysts in methanation are based on nickel (Ni) due to its high activity and relatively low cost. However, catalysts based on ruthenium (Ru), cobalt (Co), and iron (Fe) are also explored. These catalysts are often supported on materials like alumina (Al2O3), silica (SiO2), or titania (TiO2) to enhance their stability and dispersion.
