Despite its benefits, commercial catalysis faces several challenges:
Catalyst Deactivation: Over time, catalysts can lose their activity due to fouling, poisoning, or sintering, necessitating regeneration or replacement. Cost: Some catalysts, especially those containing precious metals, can be expensive, impacting the economic feasibility of the process. Selectivity: Achieving high selectivity for the desired product while minimizing by-products remains a challenge, particularly in complex reactions.
