Restriction enzymes are classified into four main types based on their structure and the nature of their catalytic activity:
1. Type I: These enzymes cleave DNA at sites remote from their recognition sequences and require ATP. 2. Type II: These enzymes cut DNA at specific sites within or close to their recognition sequences and do not require ATP. 3. Type III: These enzymes cut DNA a short distance from their recognition sites and require ATP. 4. Type IV: These enzymes target modified DNA, such as methylated or hydroxymethylated DNA.
