The understanding and manipulation of SMSI have led to several industrial and scientific applications: - Heterogeneous Catalysis: SMSI is exploited to develop catalysts with enhanced activity and selectivity for reactions such as hydrogenation, oxidation, and reforming processes. - Environmental Catalysis: SMSI-based catalysts are used in emission control systems, such as automotive catalytic converters, to enhance the reduction of NOx and oxidation of CO. - Renewable Energy: SMSI can improve the performance of catalysts used in fuel cells and water splitting technologies. - Fine Chemicals Production: SMSI catalysts are employed in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals where high selectivity is crucial.