Biocatalysis, which involves the use of natural catalysts such as enzymes, has seen significant advancements. Researchers are engineering enzymes to improve their stability, activity, and substrate specificity. Techniques such as directed evolution and rational design are being used to create enzymes that can catalyze reactions under industrial conditions.
Additionally, there is increasing interest in the use of whole-cell biocatalysts, where microbial cells are employed to carry out complex transformations. These advances are enabling the production of high-value chemicals and pharmaceuticals in a more sustainable and environmentally friendly manner.
