Instrumentation costs can vary widely depending on the type, specifications, and manufacturer. Here are some approximate costs:
- Gas Chromatography (GC): $20,000 - $50,000
- Mass Spectrometry (MS): $100,000 - $500,000
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): $200,000 - $1,000,000+
- X-ray Diffraction (XRD): $100,000 - $300,000
- Infrared Spectroscopy (IR): $10,000 - $30,000
- Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS): $20,000 - $70,000
These are broad ranges and the actual cost can be influenced by factors such as high-end specifications, added functionalities, and after-sales service packages.
