Solvent-free reactions refer to chemical processes that occur without the use of any solvent. Traditional chemical reactions often use solvents to dissolve reactants, facilitate interactions, and control temperature. Solvent-free reactions, however, eliminate the need for these solvents, aiming for a more sustainable and eco-friendly approach. This is particularly relevant in the field of catalysis, where the absence of solvents can significantly impact reaction mechanisms and efficiencies.