Real-time monitoring is essential for several reasons: - Optimization: It enables the fine-tuning of reaction conditions to maximize yield and selectivity. - Safety: Continuous monitoring helps detect any deviations from normal operating conditions, which could lead to hazardous situations. - Understanding Mechanisms: It provides insights into the reaction pathways and intermediates, aiding in the development of better catalysts. - Efficiency: By monitoring the reaction in real-time, adjustments can be made to improve overall process efficiency and reduce waste.