The significance of the ESRF in catalysis research cannot be overstated. Catalysis involves the acceleration of chemical reactions through the use of catalysts. Understanding the mechanisms at a molecular level is crucial for the development of more efficient and sustainable catalytic processes. Synchrotron radiation provided by ESRF enables researchers to use advanced techniques such as X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to study these mechanisms in great detail.