Transition metals are commonly used in catalysis due to their d-orbitals, which can participate in bonding with reactant molecules. The bandwidth of these d-orbitals can determine how these metals interact with adsorbed species. For instance, a narrow d-band can lead to stronger adsorption of reactants, which might enhance the rate of reaction but can also cause catalyst poisoning if the reactants bind too tightly. On the other hand, a wider d-band may allow for more dynamic interactions with reactants, potentially improving the catalyst's turnover frequency.
