Infrared pulses are crucial in the study of catalysis for several reasons: 1. Characterization of Catalysts: They help in identifying the active sites and the nature of chemical bonds on the catalyst surface. 2. Reaction Mechanisms: By providing real-time information, infrared pulses can elucidate the steps and intermediates in catalytic reactions. 3. Surface Interactions: They allow the study of how reactants interact with the catalyst surface, which is vital for understanding and improving catalytic efficiency.