surface analysis

What Techniques are Used for Surface Analysis?

Several techniques are commonly used for surface analysis in catalysis, including:
X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS): Provides information on the elemental composition and chemical state of the surface elements.
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM): Used for imaging the surface morphology and structure.
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM): Offers high-resolution imaging of the surface topography.
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR): Used to identify surface functional groups and monitor adsorption processes.
Temperature-Programmed Desorption (TPD): Helps in understanding the binding strength and coverage of adsorbed species.

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