What is the Mechanism of Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) Catalysis?
Lipoprotein Lipase (LPL) is anchored to the endothelial surface of capillaries in adipose tissue, muscle, and the heart. The enzyme's active site hydrolyzes triglycerides into free fatty acids and glycerol. This process begins when LPL binds to lipoproteins such as chylomicrons and VLDL through apolipoprotein C-II, which acts as a cofactor. The hydrolysis reaction involves the use of water molecules to break the ester bonds in triglycerides, releasing fatty acids that can be absorbed by cells for energy or storage.
