1. Surface Area: Higher surface area of the catalyst provides more active sites for the reaction. 2. Active Site Accessibility: The ease with which reactants can access the active sites impacts the rate of reaction. 3. Temperature and Pressure: Optimal conditions can significantly enhance reaction rates. 4. Catalyst Composition: The material and structure of the catalyst play a crucial role. 5. Reaction Environment: The presence of inhibitors or promoters can affect performance.