Several factors can contribute to low yield in catalytic processes:
Catalyst Deactivation: Over time, catalysts can lose their activity due to poisoning, fouling, or sintering. Reaction Conditions: Suboptimal temperature, pressure, or pH can hinder the efficiency of the catalyst. Impurities: Contaminants in the reactants can inhibit the catalytic activity. Mass Transfer Limitations: Poor mixing or inadequate contact between reactants and the catalyst can reduce yield. Side Reactions: Competing reactions can consume reactants or form unwanted by-products.
