Several types of catalytic antioxidants exist, each with a unique mechanism of action:
Superoxide dismutase mimetics: These mimic the activity of the natural enzyme SOD in dismutating superoxide radicals. Catalase mimetics: These mimic catalase by converting hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen. Glutathione peroxidase mimetics: These compounds mimic glutathione peroxidase, which reduces lipid hydroperoxides to their corresponding alcohols and free hydrogen peroxide to water.