There are primarily three types of catalysis utilized in industry:
Homogeneous Catalysis: Catalysts in the same phase as the reactants, typically in liquid form. This type is prevalent in fine chemical and pharmaceutical manufacturing. Heterogeneous Catalysis: Catalysts in a different phase than the reactants, commonly solid catalysts interacting with gaseous or liquid reactants. This is widely used in the petrochemical industry. Enzymatic Catalysis: Biological catalysts, or enzymes, that facilitate reactions in biochemical processes. This type is crucial in the production of biofuels and pharmaceuticals.
