What Are the Techniques for Characterizing Catalysts?
Characterizing catalysts is essential for understanding their properties and optimizing reaction kinetics. Common techniques include:
1. X-ray Diffraction (XRD): Provides information on the crystalline structure. 2. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM): Offers insights into the morphology and particle size. 3. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) Analysis: Measures surface area. 4. Temperature-Programmed Desorption (TPD): Analyzes the strength and distribution of active sites. 5. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR): Identifies surface functional groups.
