Controllers enhance catalytic processes in several ways: 1. Optimization: By continuously monitoring and adjusting reaction parameters, controllers help in finding and maintaining the optimal conditions for catalytic activity. 2. Stability: They provide a stable environment, reducing the likelihood of catalyst deactivation or degradation. 3. Scalability: Controllers make it easier to scale up laboratory processes to industrial levels by ensuring consistent operating conditions. 4. Data Collection: Modern controllers often come with data logging capabilities, allowing for better analysis and understanding of the catalytic process.