Recent advances in ORR catalysis include the development of single-atom catalysts, where isolated metal atoms are dispersed on a support material, offering high activity and efficient use of metal resources. Another exciting area is the use of bio-inspired catalysts that mimic natural enzymes such as laccase and cytochrome c oxidase, which are highly efficient in oxygen reduction. Research is also focused on understanding the fundamental mechanisms through computational studies, which help design better catalysts.
