While TPAD is a powerful tool, it has some limitations:
Non-Specificity: TPAD cannot distinguish between different types of acid sites without additional techniques. Sensitivity to Experimental Conditions: The desorption profile can be influenced by factors such as the heating rate, flow rate of the carrier gas, and sample preparation. Quantitative Accuracy: While it provides qualitative and semi-quantitative information, the absolute quantification of acid sites may require complementary methods.