What are the Common Methods of Catalyst Preparation?
Several techniques are commonly employed for catalyst preparation, each with its own advantages and limitations:
1. Precipitation: This method involves the formation of a solid from a solution by chemical reaction. It is often used for the synthesis of metal oxides and mixed oxides. 2. Impregnation: In this technique, a support material is soaked with a solution containing the active catalytic species. After drying and calcination, the active species are dispersed on the support. 3. Sol-Gel: This process involves the transition of a solution into a solid gel phase. It is advantageous for producing highly porous and uniform materials. 4. Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): This method deposits a thin film of catalytic material onto a substrate by chemical reactions of gaseous precursors. 5. Co-precipitation: Similar to precipitation, but involves the simultaneous precipitation of multiple components to form a homogeneous mixture.
