Recent advances in HDS catalysis aim to address the aforementioned challenges. These include:
Development of bimetallic catalysts: These catalysts combine two metals, such as NiMo or CoMo, to enhance activity and selectivity. Nano-catalysts: The use of nanoparticles can provide higher surface areas and more active sites for the HDS reaction. Alternative supports: Materials such as zeolites, silica, and carbon nanotubes are being explored as supports to improve catalyst stability and performance. Hydrogenation techniques: Advanced hydrogenation methods are being developed to optimize hydrogen utilization and reduce consumption.
