TEM has been effectively used in various catalytic systems:
1. Metal Nanoparticles: TEM has been used to study the size, shape, and distribution of metal nanoparticles on supports. 2. Zeolites: TEM can reveal the intricate pore structures within zeolites, which are critical for their catalytic properties. 3. Core-Shell Structures: TEM can visualize core-shell structures in bimetallic catalysts, which often exhibit enhanced catalytic properties.