Nanofluids are a class of engineered colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. These nanoparticles typically range from 1 to 100 nanometers in size and are composed of metals, oxides, carbides, or carbon nanotubes. The base fluids can be water, ethylene glycol, oils, or other solvents. Nanofluids exhibit enhanced thermal and electrical properties compared to conventional fluids, making them highly effective in various applications, including catalysis.
