1. Catalyst Recycling: Recovery and reuse of catalytic materials from spent catalysts are becoming more common. 2. Alternative Materials: Research is ongoing to find less expensive and more abundant materials that can replace scarce ones. For instance, iron or nickel-based catalysts are being explored as alternatives to platinum-group metals. 3. Process Efficiency: Improving the efficiency of catalytic processes to require less catalyst material. 4. Legislative Support: Governments are implementing policies to encourage recycling and the development of alternative materials.
