Bisulfite Treatment: DNA is treated with sodium bisulfite, which converts unmethylated cytosines to uracil while leaving methylated cytosines unchanged. Primer Design: Two sets of primers are used: one specific for methylated DNA and the other for unmethylated DNA. PCR Amplification: The treated DNA is amplified using the specific primers, and the presence or absence of PCR products indicates the methylation status of the DNA.
