LPL activity is tightly regulated at multiple levels:
1. Transcriptional Regulation: Gene expression of LPL is controlled by various transcription factors including PPARγ, which is activated by fatty acids and thiazolidinediones. 2. Post-translational Modifications: As mentioned earlier, modifications such as glycosylation can impact enzyme activity. 3. Localization: LPL is synthesized in parenchymal cells and transported to the luminal surface of capillaries, where it becomes functional. 4. Nutritional States: Fasting and feeding states can significantly influence LPL activity, with fasting increasing muscle LPL activity and feeding increasing adipose tissue LPL activity.
