Hydrophilicity can be quantified using various methods:
Contact Angle Measurement: The contact angle of a water droplet on the catalyst surface provides an indication of its hydrophilicity. Lower angles signify higher hydrophilicity. Water Uptake Studies: Measuring the amount of water absorbed by the catalyst under controlled conditions can provide insights into its hydrophilic nature. Spectroscopic Techniques: Techniques like FTIR can be used to identify the presence of hydrophilic functional groups on the catalyst surface.
