Several methods are employed to ensure effective heat dissipation in catalytic systems: 1. Heat Exchangers: Devices like heat exchangers are used to transfer heat from the reaction mixture to a cooling medium. 2. Fluidized Beds: In fluidized bed reactors, the catalyst particles are suspended in a flowing gas or liquid, which enhances heat transfer. 3. Jacketed Reactors: These reactors have an outer jacket through which a cooling fluid can flow, removing excess heat from the reaction chamber.
