The zeolite ZSM-5 is characterized by its microporous structure with interconnected channels that provide a conducive environment for the methanol-to-aromatics reaction. The acidic sites within the zeolite facilitate the initial conversion of methanol into dimethyl ether (DME) and light olefins. Further reactions involving oligomerization, cyclization, and hydrogen transfer lead to the formation of aromatic compounds. The shape-selectivity of ZSM-5 ensures that primarily BTX aromatics are produced, minimizing the formation of undesired by-products.
