Catalysis is integral to the HDR process as various enzymatic reactions are required for the different stages of repair. Enzymes function as catalysts to accelerate biochemical reactions, ensuring that the repair process is completed efficiently and accurately. For instance, nucleases such as MRE11 catalyze the resection of DNA ends, while polymerases like Pol δ and Pol ε are responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands using the homologous template.
