The presence of ring structures can affect the electronic and steric properties of catalysts. For instance, aromatic rings, such as those found in [benzene]() or [pyridine](), can provide stabilization through delocalized π-electrons. This stabilization can enhance the binding affinity of the catalyst to the substrate, thereby improving the catalytic activity. Additionally, the steric hindrance provided by bulky ring structures can protect the active site from deactivation or unwanted side reactions.
