Several strategies have been developed to overcome these challenges:
- Catalyst Design: Designing water-tolerant and stable catalysts, such as using ligands that stabilize metal centers in homogeneous catalysts or developing robust heterogeneous catalysts. - Reaction Conditions: Optimizing reaction conditions, such as pH and temperature, to favor catalyst performance. - Solvent Systems: Employing co-solvents or surfactants to enhance substrate solubility and reaction rates.
