How are Exchange Interactions Experimentally Probed in Catalysis?
Experimental techniques to probe exchange interactions include:
X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS): XAS can provide information on the electronic structure and oxidation states of catalytic materials, indirectly revealing the influence of exchange interactions. Magnetic Resonance Techniques: Techniques like Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) can probe the local magnetic environments influenced by exchange interactions. Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (STM): STM can visualize the surface electronic states of catalysts, offering insights into how exchange interactions affect catalytic sites.
