Several methods are used to apply coatings in catalysis:
- Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD): This process involves the chemical reaction of gaseous precursors to deposit a solid material onto a substrate. - Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD): Involves the physical transfer of material from a source to the substrate, often using thermal evaporation or sputtering. - Sol-Gel Process: A wet-chemical technique that involves the transition of a system from a liquid "sol" to a solid "gel" phase. - Electrophoretic Deposition: Uses an electric field to deposit particles from a colloidal suspension onto a substrate. - Dip Coating: Involves dipping the substrate into a coating solution and then withdrawing it at a controlled speed to form a thin film.
