pH control is especially important in enzyme catalysis and certain homogeneous catalytic reactions. Enzymes, being highly sensitive to pH changes, require specific pH levels to maintain their active conformation and catalytic activity. In homogeneous catalysis, the pH can affect the solubility and ionic state of the reactants, intermediates, and catalysts. For example, in aqueous-phase oxidation reactions, the pH can influence the oxidation state of metal catalysts and thus their reactivity.
