Catalysts are essential in esterification for several reasons: 1. Increased Reaction Rate: Catalysts provide an alternative reaction pathway with a lower activation energy, thereby increasing the reaction rate. 2. Improved Selectivity: Catalysts can be designed to favor the formation of specific esters, reducing the production of undesired by-products. 3. Milder Conditions: Catalytic processes often allow reactions to proceed under milder conditions (lower temperatures and pressures), which is advantageous for sensitive substrates.
