Platinum-based catalysts are widely used in the automotive industry, particularly in catalytic converters, where they help reduce harmful emissions by converting toxic gases into less harmful substances. In the chemical industry, platinum catalysts are crucial for processes such as hydrogenation, in which unsaturated fats are converted to saturated fats, and in the production of nitric acid and fertilizers. Furthermore, platinum is employed in fuel cells, where it facilitates the oxidation of hydrogen to generate electricity.