What Tools and Techniques are Used for Monitoring?
Various analytical tools and techniques are utilized for environmental monitoring in catalysis. These include:
1. Spectroscopy (e.g., IR, UV-Vis, NMR) for identifying chemical species. 2. Chromatography (e.g., GC, HPLC) for separating and quantifying components. 3. Mass Spectrometry for determining molecular weights and structures. 4. Sensors and Detectors for real-time monitoring of gases and pollutants. 5. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) for analyzing solid catalysts.