Several advanced techniques are used in catalysis research to analyze and characterize catalysts and catalytic reactions. Some of the most common techniques include:
Spectroscopy: Techniques like Infrared (IR) spectroscopy, Ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy help in understanding the molecular structure and electronic properties of catalysts. Microscopy: Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) provide detailed images of the catalyst surface, which is crucial for understanding how catalysts interact with reactants. X-ray Diffraction (XRD): This technique is used to determine the crystalline structure of solid catalysts, which can influence their catalytic activity. Temperature-Programmed Techniques: Techniques like Temperature-Programmed Desorption (TPD) and Temperature-Programmed Reduction (TPR) help in studying the adsorption properties and redox behavior of catalysts.
